Click to see a group of Gannets plunge into the water to capture prey. Pursuit divers, like Puffins or penguins, use their wings and feet to fly or swim pursuing their prey underwater.
Scavengers are birds like Skuas, Jaegers, Gulls, and Frigatebirds that feed largely on the wing, stealing the food or chicks of other birds. As for hydration, Seabirds drink salt water. This would quickly kill you and I, but seabirds have special glands to help them remove excess salt. A rockhopper penguin, image from Wikipedia. There are seventeen species of penguins, and each one of them is remarkably interesting and fun.
They reside completely in the Southern Hemisphere; from the Equator to Antarctica. Many people are surprised to learn that penguins are birds.
Like all birds they have feathers, beaks, claws, and a warm blooded metabolism. Penguin feathers are smaller than most other birds, and they have more of them than most other birds— nearly 71 feathers per square inch.
In order to maintain their value as water-proof insulation, penguins must constantly preen their feathers. A gland near the base of a penguins tail, secretes oil that a penguin will use to coat its feathers.
Most birds have hollow bones, but penguins do not. Their small wings and high body weight make them unable to fly, however their large muscles make them great swimmers.
Like many fish, all penguins are dark on their backs and light on their stomachs. Penguins breed largely on predator free islands. Some make nests in underground burrows, some in above ground nests, and still others make no nests at all, holding the eggs on their feet instead. Almost all seabirds lay their eggs on islands or in cliff sides. Historically, these were locations safe from nest predators. However, the introduction of non-native species many of which are nest predators , has become the leading cause of sea bird decline.
Introduced cats, rats, and in Alaska foxes have devastated many seabird breeding colonies. Unintended bycatch of sea birds by fishing vessels has been a big problem for lots of sea bird species. Sea birds often follow long lining boats, trying to pull bait off of hooks, and inevitably many birds catch themselves on the hooks are dragged down into the depths and drown.
Efforts have been made by the Alaskan long lining fleet to reduce bycatch. Simple technical changes, called streamers , that scare birds away from hooks or weighted lines that sink hooks quicker have had some success in reducing bycatch.
Click on the link to read more about how long-line fishing threatens seabirds. A dead Laysan Albatross filled with plastics, image from the Smithsonian. Plastics are increasingly a big problem for sea turtles and birds. Surface feeders are particularly vulnerable. Researchers now calculate that there are six pounds of floating plastic garbage for every pound of surface zooplankton in the North Pacific central Gyre.
Plastics that are of similar size and color to plankton are often ingested while birds are feeding. Plastics are undigestible and can quickly obstruct the bowels of birds. Many species may also get plastic fishing lines and monofilament netting caught around their necks leading to suffocation. Day after day, Alguita was the only vehicle on a highway without landmarks, stretching from horizon to horizon. Yet, as I gazed from the deck at the surface of what ought to have been a pristine ocean, I was confronted, as far as the eye could see, with the sight of plastic.
Before you begin, type in your full name. Which of the following is the least threatening to sea bird populations longline a type of commercial fishing. Penguins are birds, with beaks, claws, and very small wings and small feathers. Which of the following feathers are primarily used for flying downy. Gannets feed by diving from a great height into the water in order to catch their prey. Common murres will swim to a depth of up to feet in pursuit of schools of small fish.
Common murres will often nest along steep cliffs. Seabird die offs, like the one reported in the Bering sea in , are not unheard of.
Don Croll says of the Aleutian Islands where foxes are introduced species. Seabirds are able to drink salt water thanks to their high metabolism. Please fill in the comment box below. Since you can free dive without a wetsuit they can be the same thing but they are not necessarily always the same thing. She started diving at bthe Parramatta Diving Club in Sydney. A Bathyscaphe pronounced Bath-escape is a specialized deep-diving type of submarine.
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