Low blood sugar can even be fatal. If you pass out because of a low sugar reaction or cannot swallow, someone will have to give you an injection of glucagon to treat the low sugar reaction. You may need to go to the emergency room. Metformin oral tablet can interact with several other medications.
Different interactions can cause different effects. For instance, some can interfere with how well a drug works, while others can cause increased side effects. Below is a list of medications that can interact with metformin. This list does not contain all drugs that may interact with metformin. Before taking metformin, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all prescription, over-the-counter, and other drugs you take.
Also tell them about any vitamins , herbs, and supplements you use. Sharing this information can help you avoid potential interactions. If you have questions about drug interactions that may affect you, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Using certain diabetes drugs with metformin can cause low blood sugar levels. If you start taking metformin, your doctor may reduce the dosage of your other diabetes medications.
Examples of these drugs include:. Diuretics are used to lower blood pressure and may increase your blood sugar levels. Taking these drugs with metformin may interfere with the effectiveness of metformin.
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to lower blood pressure. It increases the amount of metformin in your body, which may increase your risk of side effects from metformin. Taking nicotinic acid with metformin may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar. Taking metformin with drugs used to treat glaucoma may increase your risk of lactic acidosis. Taking metformin with topiramate, which is used to treat nerve pain and seizures, may increase your risk of lactic acidosis.
Taking metformin with phenytoin, which is used to treat seizures, may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar. Taking metformin with cimetidine , which is used to treat heartburn and other stomach issues, may increase your risk of lactic acidosis. Taking metformin with phenothiazines, which are antipsychotic medications, may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar. Taking metformin with certain hormone drugs may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar.
Taking isoniazid with metformin may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar. Taking metformin with certain thyroid drugs may make metformin less effective in lowering your blood sugar. The following information describes dosages that are commonly used or recommended. However, be sure to take the dosage your doctor prescribes for you. Your doctor will determine the best dosage to suit your needs. People at these ages have a higher risk of lactic acidosis.
Alcohol can increase your risk of lactic acidosis from metformin. Alcohol may also raise or lower your blood sugar levels. Taking it again could be fatal cause death. For people with kidney problems: If you have moderate to severe kidney problems, you have a higher risk of lactic acidosis. For people with liver problems: Liver disease is a risk factor for lactic acidosis. This can affect how your kidneys work and put you at risk of lactic acidosis.
For people with illnesses or plans to have surgery: Tell your doctor if you have a fever or infection, are injured, or plan to have surgery or another medical procedure.
They may need to change your dosage of this drug. For people with heart problems: If you have a condition in which oxygen to your heart is decreased, such as recent heart attack or heart failure , your risk of lactic acidosis is higher.
If you have type 1 diabetes, talk with your doctor about treatment options that are right for your condition. If you have type 2 diabetes , your doctor may recommend that you take metformin. You should use metformin together with a healthy diet and exercise routine. This way, the drug will have a better effect on your blood sugar levels. Metformin is an active drug ingredient.
Metformin is classified as a biguanide. Metformin is available as immediate-release tablets and extended-release tablets. Immediate-release tablets start working as soon as you take them. Extended-release tablets work over a certain period of time after you take them.
Note: Metformin also comes in an oral solution. But only the oral tablet form is described in this article. Metformin immediate-release tablets are available as the brand-name drug Glucophage. And metformin extended-release tablets are available as the brand-name drugs Glumetza and Fortamet. Note: The other forms of metformin are available as different brand-name drugs. To learn more about these versions, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.
It may be called Glumetza, Fortamet, or Glucophage. In general, generics usually cost less than brand-name drugs. And see this Healthline article to learn more about the differences between generic and brand-name drugs. Like most drugs, metformin oral tablets may cause mild or serious side effects. The lists below describe some of the more common side effects this drug may cause. Your doctor or pharmacist can tell you more about the potential side effects of metformin oral tablets.
They can also suggest ways to help reduce side effects. Here are some of the mild side effects metformin oral tablets can cause.
Mild side effects of many drugs may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. But if they become bothersome, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. If you have serious side effects from metformin oral tablets, call your doctor right away. For example, diarrhea may occur when you first start taking this drug. But over time, this side effect may go away. They may also be able to suggest ways to decrease your side effects.
Metformin oral tablets have a boxed warning for lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis. Some people taking metformin have had lactic acidosis. Although rare, this side effect is possible with metformin oral tablets. And it can be serious or even life threatening. You should be aware of the symptoms of lactic acidosis. This way, you can get treatment right away if you develop symptoms of the condition. Symptoms to watch out for include:. If you develop any symptoms of lactic acidosis, tell your doctor right away.
Also, be sure to talk with your doctor about your risk for having lactic acidosis before starting metformin. Sometimes, other medical conditions or medications can increase your risk of developing lactic acidosis.
Talk with your doctor about your risk for lactic acidosis. If you have certain conditions that may increase your risk for lactic acidosis, your doctor may recommend a medication other than metformin for you.
If you have more questions about metformin and lactic acidosis, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. Diarrhea is one of the most common side effects of this medication. Diarrhea can cause dehydration low fluid level in your body. And this can increase your risk for other side effects of metformin even more. Talk with your doctor about this possible side effect of metformin.
Your doctor may recommend that you take another medication to decrease diarrhea with this drug. In most cases, diarrhea is a temporary side effect of metformin. These other drugs include glipizide Glucotrol , glyburide DiaBeta , or insulin drugs.
With hypoglycemia, your blood sugar level gets too low, which can be very serious or even life threatening. You should be aware of symptoms of hypoglycemia. This way, you can treat the condition right away if you develop symptoms. Symptoms of hypoglycemia may include:. Your doctor will likely recommend that you check your blood sugar level during diabetes treatment. This is important so that you can recognize when your blood sugar becomes too low or too high.
If you have symptoms of hypoglycemia, you should treat the condition right away. The American Diabetes Association recommends that you:. Be sure to treat low blood sugar level right away. Not treating it can cause you to faint or even have a seizure.
And you may need to have someone take you to the hospital or call or a local emergency number for help. If you do have hypoglycemia with metformin, be sure to tell your doctor about it. In some cases, they may recommend a lower dose of your diabetes medications.
This may help reduce your risk for low blood sugar levels. Some people may have an allergic reaction to metformin oral tablets. A more severe allergic reaction is rare but possible. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include swelling under your skin, typically in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet. They can also include swelling of your tongue, mouth, or throat, which can cause trouble breathing. Call your doctor right away if you have an allergic reaction to metformin oral tablets.
Your doctor will explain how you should take metformin oral tablets. Below are commonly used dosages, but always take the dosage your doctor prescribes. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription. It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription over-the-counter medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements.
You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies. Generic alternatives may be available. Metformin pronounced as met for' min. Why is this medication prescribed? How should this medicine be used? Other uses for this medicine What special precautions should I follow? What special dietary instructions should I follow? What should I do if I forget a dose? What side effects can this medication cause?
What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication? Brand names Brand names of combination products. Swallow metformin extended-release tablets whole; do not split, chew, or crush them. Ask your pharmacist or doctor for a copy of the manufacturer's information for the patient. Other uses for this medicine. What special precautions should I follow?
Before taking metformin, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to metformin, any of the ingredients of metformin liquid or tablets, or any other medications. Ask your pharmacist or check the manufacturer's patient information for a list of the ingredients.
Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects. If you become pregnant while taking metformin, call your doctor. This can affect your blood sugar. Your doctor will give you instructions if this happens.
This medication may cause changes in your blood sugar. You should know the symptoms of low and high blood sugar and what to do if you have these symptoms. Metformin may cause side effects.
Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe, do not go away, go away and come back, or do not begin for some time after you begin taking metformin: diarrhea bloating stomach pain gas indigestion constipation unpleasant metallic taste in mouth heartburn headache flushing of the skin nail changes muscle pain Some side effects can be serious.
Symptoms of overdose may include hypoglycemia symptoms as well as the following: extreme tiredness weakness discomfort vomiting nausea stomach pain decreased appetite deep, rapid breathing shortness of breath dizziness lightheadedness abnormally fast or slow heartbeat flushing of the skin muscle pain feeling cold. What other information should I know? Brand names. Brand names of combination products.
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